FXSA20 KWBC 181549 PMDSA SOUTH AMERICA FORECAST DISCUSSION - INTERNATIONAL DESKS NWS HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PREDICTION CENTER CAMP SPRINGS MD 1048 AM EST WED NOV 18 2009 GFS DATA AT FTPPRD.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/PUB/DATA/NCCF/COM/GFS/PROD/ NOTE: DUE TO PRESSING OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS...THIS PRODUCT WILL BE SUSPENDED UNTIL DECEMBER 02 2009. GRAPHICAL PRODUCTS... HOWEVER...WILL BE ISSUED. MODEL COMPARISON (VALID FROM 00Z NOV 18). ON THE SOUTHERN STREAM...AND CONTRARY TO WHAT THE GLOBAL ENSEMBLES PREVIOUSLY SUGGESTED...THE GFS CORRECTED IN FAVOR OF A MORE PROGRESSIVE PATTERN ACROSS THE DRAKE PASSAGE/SOUTHERN CONE. THIS IS NOW IN AGREEMENT WITH THE EUROPEAN MODELS THROUGH AT LEAST 96-108 HRS. BY 120-144 HRS THE GFS APPEARS MORE AMPLIFIED THAN THE EUROPEAN MODELS OVER THE FAR EASTERN PACIFIC...WITH MEAN OF THE GLOBAL ENSEMBLES TRENDING TOWARDS A LOWER AMPLITUDE/WEAKER PATTERN. BUT THE SPREAD IN THIS AREA IS TO HIGH TO ASCERTAIN/ESTABLISH CONFIDENCE IN THE MEDIUM RANGE FORECAST PATTERN. NORTH OVER THE CONTINENT...AT 200 HPA...THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE BOUNDS BETWEEN 08S AND 30S...AND THIS PATTERN IS FORECAST TO PERSIST BEYOND 132-144 HRS. THE PERSISTENT RIDGE PATTERN WILL CENTER ON A CLOSED HIGH THAT MEANDERS BETWEEN SANTA CRUZ IN EASTERN BOLIVIA AND CHACO PARAGUAYO. A TROUGH TO THE NORTH CENTERS ON A CLOSED HIGH BETWEEN WESTERN AMAPA-NORTHERN PARA/RORAIMA. IN A CONVERGENT PATTERN ALOFT...THE TROUGH WILL CONTINUE TO INHIBIT ORGANIZED DEEP CONVECTION ACROSS NORTHEAST BRASIL. MODERATE CONVECTION WILL CONFINE TO TOCANTINS/GOIAS-BAHIA AND MINAS GERAIS...AS COLD AIR ALOFT ADVECTS NORTH ALONG THE EASTERN FRINGES OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE. THIS WILL ENHANCE CONVECTIVE INSTABILITY...WHICH IN COMBINATION WITH DIURNAL HEATING WILL SUSTAIN SCATTERED CONVECTION. FOR THE MOST PART...DAILY MAXIMA IN THIS AREA WILL PEAK AT 15-25MM/DAY. OTHER CONVECTION WILL BUILD TO THE WEST...ACROSS NORTHERN BOLIVIA- PERUVIAN JUNGLE/SIERRA AND AMAZONAS/RONDONIA IN WESTERN BRASIL. THE MAXIMA IN THIS AREA WILL GENERALLY RANGE BETWEEN 15- 35MM/DAY...WITH MOST ACTIVE/INTENSE TO CONCENTRATE ON THE PERUVIAN JUNGLE...WHERE WIDELY ISOLATED MAXIMA OF 25-50MM/DAY ARE POSSIBLE ON DAYS 03-05. FURTHERMORE...THE MODELS CONTINUE TO SHOW A MID LEVEL REFLECTION OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE PATTERN OVER NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA. AT 500 HPA THE RIDGE EXTENDS WEST ACROSS THE BRAZILIAN STATES OF MINAS GERAIS/NORTHERN SAO PAULO TO MATO GROSSO. THE MID LEVEL RIDGE PATTERN IS FORECAST TO PERSIST DURING THE CYCLE. AS A RESULT...POLAR PERTURBATIONS ENTERING THE CONTINENT WILL REMAIN...FOR THE MOST PART...TO THE SOUTH OF 28S. AS THE RIDGE PERSIST...A PERTURBATION IN THE NORTHERN STREAM IS TO QUICKLY MOVE ACROSS CENTRAL CHILE TO CUYO IN ARGENTINA BY 24/30 HRS...AND THROUGH 36 HRS IT IS TO RAPIDLY EJECT ACROSS THE BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE/RIO DE LA PLATA BASIN. THIS FEATURE WILL SUSTAIN/INDUCE 24 HRS HEIGHT FALLS OF 75-100GPM. AT LOW LEVELS...A DEEP OCCLUDED LOW LIES TO THE EAST OF THE MALVINAS...EXTENDING A FRONT TO THE NORTHWEST ACROSS RIO DE LA PLATA-MENDOZA IN ARGENTINA. UNDER INFLUENCE OF THE MID LEVEL TROUGH ON THE NORTHERN STREAM FLOW... INTENSE CYCLOGENESIS IS EXPECTED ACROSS LOWER MESOPOTAMIA/ URUGUAY. THROUGH 30-36 HRS THE LOW WILL THEN MOVE OFF THE COAST OF URUGUAY/SOUTHERN BRASIL...WITH FEATURE TO QUICKLY OCCLUDE OVER THE WESTERN ATLANTIC. THE ASSOCIATED FRONT WILL THEN MOVE NORTH INTO SOUTHERN BRASIL-SOUTHEAST PARAGUAY TO NORTHWEST PROVINCES IN ARGENTINA. UNDER FAVORABLE JET DYNAMICS ALOFT...AND A FAIRLY STRONG LOW LEVEL NORTHERLY JET...CONDITIONS WILL REMAIN FAVORABLE FOR MCS FORMATION ALONG THE FRONT. ON DAY 01 WE NOW PROJECT MAXIMA OF 40-90MM ACROSS SOUTHERN BRASIL-URUGUAY-MESOPOTAMIA VALLEY...WITH A HIGH RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER. HEAVY RAINS WILL PERSIST THROUGH 48-60 HRS...WHEN THE MAXIMA IS TO PEAK AT 40- 70MM/DAY. THROUGH 84 HRS IT WILL DECREASE TO 25-50MM/DAY. A SURGE IN ACTIVITY...HOWEVER...IS POSSIBLE ON DAY 04 AS ANOTHER MID LEVEL PERTURBATION STREAMS ACROSS CENTRAL/NORTHERN ARGENTINA...WITH MAXIMA TO INCREASE TO 40-65MM/DAY. ON THE SOUTHERN STREAM...A MID/UPPER LEVEL RIDGE EXTENDS SOUTH ALONG 110W/120W TO 80S. THE RIDGE PATTERN IS TO PERSIST THROUGH DAY 05...WITH SOME MODULATIONS AS PROGRESSIVE SOUTHERN STREAM PERTURBATIONS SHEAR UNDER THIS AXIS. THE RIDGE PATTERN WILL SUSTAIN THE NORTHWARD AMPLIFICATION OF A TROUGH ALONG 80W/90W TO 35S BY 24 HRS. A CUTOFF LOW IS TO FORM ALONG THIS AXIS NEAR 55S 80W BY 36-48 HRS...TO THEN MEANDER OFF THE SOUTHERN COAST OF CHILE THROUGH 60-72 HRS. THIS LOW WILL ANCHOR A BROAD TROUGH OVER SOUTHERN CHILE/PATAGONIA TO JUST NORTH OF THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA. THROUGH 96-108 HRS THE LOW AND TROUGH ARE TO DRIFT ACROSS THE DRAKE PASSAGE TO THE SOUTH ATLANTIC. AT LOW LEVELS IT WILL SUSTAIN A BROAD TROUGH PATTERN WITH A DEEP OCCLUDED LOW TO THE SOUTH-SOUTHWEST OF TIERRA DEL FUEGO. THIS PATTERN WILL PERSIST THROUGH 72-84 HRS...THEN SHIFT EAST LATER IN THE CYCLE. POLAR FRONTS WILL REVOLVE AROUND THIS AXIS AS THEY MAKE LANDFALL OVER SOUTHERN CHILE...WITH BOUNDARIES TO GENERALLY LIMIT TO SOUTH OF 40S THROUGH 72-84 HRS. A NORTHWARD MODULATION IS POSSIBLE BY 96-120 HRS...AS THE LOW/TROUGH MIGRATES TO THE SOUTH ATLANTIC... DRAWING THE FRONT NORTH ACROSS LA PAMPA TO CENTRAL CHILE. RAINFALL MAXIMA OVER SOUTHERN CHILE WILL PEAK AT 15-35MM/DAY THROUGH 48-72 HRS...WITH MODELS SHOWING STRONG UPWARD VERTICAL MOTION ALONG THE COAST/INLAND INTO THE ANDES. IN THIS PATTERN THERE IS A RISK/CHANCE OF DEEP CONVECTIVE CELLS TO DEVELOP... WITH WIDELY ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS TO SUSTAIN LOCALIZED HEAVY RAINFALL AMOUNTS. FERNANDES...CHM (BRASIL) GARCIA...SENAMHI (PERU) DAVISON...HPC (USA)$$